Cytomaxes, Cytogens and A-Numbers: A Glossary

Peptide bioregulator writing uses a mix of Russian research terms, product-collection names and regulatory language, and the same word can mean different things in different places. This glossary collects the terms used across the Pure Fire Longevity Journal and explains each in plain language. Definitions describe naming and classification, not effects. Where a term rests on a hypothesis rather than established biology, we say so.

Research terms

Peptide

A short chain of amino acids joined by peptide bonds. Peptides are a normal part of biology: some act as hormones or signaling molecules, and many are produced when the body digests dietary protein.

Peptide bioregulator

Vladimir Khavinson’s umbrella term for short peptides or peptide complexes proposed to regulate tissue-specific function. “Proposed” matters: tissue-specific action is a hypothesis from the originating research group. See organ pairings: mechanism vs. evidence.

Cytamins / cytomedins

Research terms for peptide extracts derived from animal organs or tissues: the first generation of Khavinson’s work. Sold as Cytomaxes.

Cytogens

Synthetic short peptides, typically two to four amino acids, designed around the organ-derived extracts: the second generation. The manufacturer’s press kit describes each as a synthesized copy of the working part of the most active section of the extract’s peptide. Thymogen, for example, is L-Glu-L-Trp (PubMed 9637345).

Tissue specificity

The hypothesis that a peptide derived from or designed around a tissue acts preferentially in that tissue. It has not been established by independent research.

Gene expression

The process by which a cell uses a gene to make a protein. Khavinson’s group proposes that short peptides can influence it (Khavinson et al., 2012); that proposal is a hypothesis.

Telomerase

An enzyme that maintains the ends of chromosomes (telomeres). A 2003 cell study reported telomerase activity in cultured human cells exposed to Epithalon (Khavinson et al., 2003), a laboratory finding, not a human outcome.

PEPT1

A transporter in the small intestine that absorbs many di- and tripeptides from food. Its role in absorbing ordinary dietary peptides is established; its role for any specific bioregulator product is not. See Oral vs. injectable delivery.

Pure Fire collection names

Cytomaxes

Pure Fire’s collection of organ-derived peptide complexes in oral capsules. “Cytomax” is the product-family name; the research literature more often says cytamins or cytomedins. The manufacturer’s press kit describes Cytomaxes as made by a multi-month extraction of peptide fractions.

Cytogens (collection)

Pure Fire’s collection of synthetic short-peptide capsules.

A-number

The complex code printed for a Cytomax. Examples from Pure Fire’s product pages: Endoluten A-8 (pineal gland; the code also appears on the packaging shown in the manufacturer’s press kit), Cerluten A-5 (brain), Thyreogen A-2 (thyroid), Chelohart A-14 (heart), Gotratix A-18 (muscle). An A-number identifies a product; it is not a dose or a strength. See the Khavinson peptides list.

Organ pairing

The tissue a product is identified with: its source or intended focus. A pairing is not evidence that the product acts on that organ.

Delivery terms

Oral

Taken by mouth as capsules or tablets; the product passes through digestion.

Sublingual

Held under the tongue. Some human studies used sublingual forms, and the manufacturer’s press kit notes that sublingual Cytomaxes and Cytogens exist.

Injectable

Delivered by injection, bypassing digestion. Thymalin, Epithalamin, Cortexin and Retinalamin are injectable drugs registered in Russia. Results from injected and oral forms should not be pooled.

Regulatory and documentation terms

Dietary supplement

The US category these products are sold under. Supplements are not approved by the FDA before sale (FDA’s dietary supplements page).

FDA-approved

A status for drugs that have gone through FDA review for a specific use. No peptide bioregulator is FDA-approved.

EAEU registration certificate

A state registration document issued in the Eurasian Economic Union. It is not a test result or evidence of effect.

Certificate of analysis (COA)

A lab report on a specific production lot. See our explainer.

Further reading: Research history vs. FDA approval · Oral vs. injectable delivery · Organ pairings: mechanism vs. evidence.